This is a weekly feature that runs down the week鈥檚 top 10 announced funding rounds in the U.S. Check out last week鈥檚 biggest funding deal roundup here.

Startup investors were busily closing on big rounds this week, with AI and defense among their favored target sectors. The biggest financing went to , a defense tech startup developing a hypersonic missile. Other sizable rounds went to companies developing AI inference technology, a video-creation platform, data centers and voice-to-text tools.

1. , $800M, defense tech: Castelion, a defense tech startup developing a hypersonic strike missile, raised new Series C funding consisting of $800 million in equity capital along with $250 million in debt financing. , and led the equity financing, which set a $13 billion valuation for the Torrance, California-based company.

2. , $700M, semiconductors: San Jose, California-based Etched, a developer of inference clusters to accelerate AI computing, secured $700 million in a new funding round led by and joined by a long list of prominent investors. The financing set a $21 billion valuation for the 4-year-old company.

3. , $400M, AI video tools: AI video- and image-creation platform Higgsfield closed on $400 million in Series B financing at a $5.4 billion valuation. led the round for the San Francisco-based company, with the financing drawing at least 18 investors.

4. , $350M, data centers: Groq, an operator of 13 data centers across the globe, pulled in $350 million in a new fundraise led by , with planned participation from .The fundraise, which values the San Francisco-based company at $3.5 billion, comes on the heels of a $650 million in June.

5. , $280M, voice-to-text AI: Wispr Flow, a provider of an AI-powered voice-to-text tool called Flow, picked up $280 million in Series B funding at a $2 billion valuation. led the financing, joined by a long list of new and existing investors.

6. , $250M, satellites: Muon Space, a designer, builder and operator of satellite constellations, closed on $250 million in Series C funding led by . The Mountain View, California-based company also recently opened a manufacturing facility in San Jose, California, designed to produce up to 500 satellites annually by 2027.

7. , $150M, micromobility:聽 Also, a spinout that makes electric bikes and small four-wheeled micromobility vehicles, secured $150 million in Series D funding led by . The Palo Alto, California-based startup said the financing will go in part toward accelerating development of its autonomous vehicle platform.

8. , $110M, AI computing: Velaura AI, a developer of AI compute infrastructure focused on ultra-low-power silicon and software technologies, picked up $110 million in Series A funding. led the financing, which set a valuation of over $1 billion for the Silicon Valley-based startup.

9. , $100M, agentic finance: Rillet, a developer of AI-powered enterprise resource planning tools, landed $100 million in Series C funding led by . The round, which sets a $1 billion valuation for the San Francisco company, is Rillet鈥檚 third financing in the past year.

10. , $75M, sleep testing: Happy Health, and Austin-based developer of a ring device for diagnosis and treatment of sleep apnea, raised $75 million from and .

Methodology

We tracked the largest announced rounds in the 萝莉视频 database that were raised by U.S.-based companies for the period of Aug. 15-21. Although most announced rounds are in the database, there may be a small time lag, as some rounds are reported late in the week.

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In turn, semiconductor giants are investing record sums in startups. So far this year, the sector鈥檚 most valuable companies have participated in rounds collectively valued at over $250 billion, per 萝莉视频 data. That鈥檚 multiples above prior high marks.

Large cap chip companies are also leading and co-leading some of the biggest financings. This includes 鈥檚 record-breaking $122 billion March funding round, in which was one of eight lead investors.

The other big deals

There鈥檚 no getting around that the OpenAI megaround really skewed the 2026 totals. That one deal accounts for over 95% of the value of all semiconductor company-led financings.

Still, there are plenty of other big rounds with semiconductor backing this year that, by any other comparative benchmark, would also be considered enormous. Take July鈥檚 $5 billion corporate financing from Nvidia for foundational AI startup .

So far this year, corporate semiconductor giants have invested in more than 60 startup financings of $100 million or more. Of those, 16 rounds were valued at $1 billion or more, which we list below.

Most active and highest spending semiconductor investors

It should surprise no one that Nvidia is the most active and highest spending corporate investor in the semiconductor space. The AI chip architect has participated in a record 59 known funding rounds so far this year, per 萝莉视频 data, up from 53 in all of 2025.

With a market cap around $5.4 trillion and a continued reign as the world鈥檚 most valuable public company, Nvidia certainly has the financial resources to invest heavily in startups. The company is also active as a lead investor, having led or co-led at least 11 private company financings this year, per 萝莉视频 data.

, with 19 private company financings this year, is also upping its startup investment activity in tandem with what鈥檚 been a strong year for its own shares. This year鈥檚 tally includes at least four rounds valued at $1 billion or more.

Another standout is , with at least 17 known startup investments so far this year. The South Korean megacap has a lengthy history of active participation in seed and venture deals.

The corporate investment tallies also don鈥檛 represent the full extent of semiconductor companies鈥� involvement in the venture funding ecosystem. Additionally, some invest through backing outside venture funds.

Is this peak?

With semiconductor companies raking in profits from the AI boom, and shares soaring alongside, it鈥檚 worth considering whether we may be close to a peak for semiconductor startup investment. On the other hand, if industry leaders鈥� shares keep rising, the sums spent on startup dealmaking look comparatively small relative to semiconductor giants鈥� swelling valuations.

Related 萝莉视频 queries:

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Leading sectors by count were financial services, robotics, AI orchestration, multimodal AI, energy and the semiconductor industry.

In the past two months, the board added more than $100 billion each month in value from newly minted unicorns. Three companies joined the board at decacorn values. , and together added $49 billion in the past month.

The U.S. counts 19 new unicorn companies, just under half of the newly minted unicorns in July. China, the second-largest country, numbered eight. From the U.K., there were three companies, and from Singapore, two. Lithuania, Germany, Spain, Hungary, Australia, India, Israel and Hong Kong each count one.

Among the newly minted unicorns, 15 were less than 3 years old. And seven companies were more than 10 years old.

So far this year, the count of new unicorns has accelerated. A total of 195 companies joined in H1 this year, already exceeding the total for all of 2025.

New unicorns in July

Here are July’s new unicorn companies:

Financial services

• Singapore-based , an affiliate of the private payments company , raised a $1.2 billion Series A funding round with participation from Ant Group and . Ant International was spun out in 2024 and was valued at $11.2 billion in this recent funding.
• , a digital banking platform for banks and credit unions, raised $115 million in private equity funding led by . The 9-year-old San Ramon, California-based company that supports customer retention and services was valued at $1.6 billion.
• Budapest-based , an auto insurance provider using AI, raised a $23 million Series B funding round led by . The almost 2-year-old company, founded by a Serbian team, was valued at $1.6 billion.聽 Ominimo reports $350 million in gross written premiums and is approaching 1 million customers. It operates in Hungary, Poland, the Netherlands and Sweden, and plans to expand across Europe and to the U.S. in 2027.
• , an AI-native private bank for high net worth business owners, raised a $70 million Series B led by . The 4-year-old San Francisco-based company was valued at $1.2 billion.
• , a membership and savings app for U.S. consumers, raised $65 million in Series D funding led by . The 10-year-old San Francisco-based company was valued at $1.2 billion. Surpassing $200 million in net revenue in 2025 from membership and transactional revenue, the company says it is growing 50% year over year and is approaching 1 million members.
• London-based , a savings app which has become a digital wealth management platform, raised a $60 million secondary market transaction led by . The 11-year-old company was valued at $1.1 billion. The secondary sale is to provide liquidity for long-term employees. The company is profitable and has helped 200,000 people buy their first home.

Robotics

• Guangdong-based humanoid robotics company raised $200 million in pre-IPO funding. The 4-year-old company is focused on entertainment, hospitality, and service for humanoid robotics, not manufacturing, with half of its orders coming from outside of China. The company was valued at $2.2 billion.
• Shenzhen-based , a builder of precision tactile sensing technology for robotics, raised $148 million in Series E funding. The 10-year-old company was valued at $1.5 billion.
• London-based , a humanoid robotics company for manufacturing, retail and logistics, raised a $152 million Series A funding led by . The 2-year-old company was valued at $1.4 billion and plans to roll out its wheeled beta version robots to customers in Q4. It has also developed a software brain, KinetIQ, to reason and execute complex tasks alongside humans.
• Full-stack physical AI company emerged from stealth with a $300 million seed funding led by and . The less-than-1-year-old Cambridge, Massachusetts-based company focused on manufacturing and logistics was valued at $1.1 billion.
• , an embodied intelligence company, raised a $147 million seed funding round led by and . The less than 1-year-old Nanjing, China-based company is focused on closed-loop learning, building robotics for manufacturing with the ultimate goal of building a general-purpose robot for the home. The company was valued at $1 billion.
• Dexterous hand robotics company raised a $74 million Series A funding led by . The 1-year-old Hangzhou, China-based company was valued at $1 billion.

AI

• Lithuania-based , a public data web scraping service useful for AI applications and agentic AI, raised its first external financing, a $130 million Series A led by . The company reports $350 million in ARR serving 350,000 tech teams. The 11-year-old company was valued at $3.6 billion.
• Spain-based , a compression technology for AI that improves efficiency and cost, whether on device or in the cloud. It raised a $570 million Series C led by , and . The 7-year-old company was valued at $2.3 billion.
• , creator of synthetic users for consumer research, raised a $200 million Series B led by and . The company raised a $100 million Series A five months earlier. The 1-year-old Palo Alto-based company was valued at $2 billion.
• runs a full-stack platform for companies to train models and agents. It raised a $130 million Series A funding led by . The 2-year-old San Francisco-based company was valued at $1 billion.
• , an enterprise infrastructure management platform for AI, raised a $100 million Series D led by . The 7-year-old San Jose, California-based company was valued at $1 billion.

Multimodal AI

• Beijing-based , a text prompt-to-AI short video startup, raised a $2.8 billion funding round led by , , , , and . The 2-year-old company, a subsidiary of with plans to spin out, was valued at $18 billion.
• , a company that creates 3D visualization from text or image prompts, raised a $400 million Series B funding led by , and . The 5-year-old Sunnyvale, California-based company, used in gaming, 3D printing and design, was valued at $1.5 billion.
• , which provides access to leading models for text, video, image and audio while retaining user privacy, raised a $65 million Series A led by . The service stores communication on a user鈥檚 device. The 2-year-old Wyoming-based company was valued at $1 billion.
• Beijing-based , a multimodal model developer, raised a $222 million Series C led by ,, and . The 3-year-old company, used for film, marketing, and social media content creation, was valued at $1 billion.

Energy

• Munich-based nuclear fusion company raised a $470 million Series B led by , , and . The company has offices in Munich, Zurich and Oxford. The 3-year-old company was valued at $2.7 billion.
• a provider of thermal energy storage for data centers, raised a $550 million Series C funding led by and. The 8-year-old San Jose, California-based company was valued at $2.5 billion.
• , a hydrogen-boron fusion company, raised an undisclosed seed round led by , and . The less-than-8-year-old China-based subsidiary of the was valued at $1.6 billion.

Semiconductor

• Israel-based , a fabless semiconductor company building data processing units and chips for data centers and computing systems, raised a $300 million Series E led by . The 9-year-old company was valued at $2.8 billion. The next generation of will be routing via the company鈥檚 X2 chip, according to VP of Starlink engineering, .
• Shanghai-based developer of a satellite communication baseband chip for 6G communications, raised an undisclosed amount following a $216 million Series C round earlier this year. The 6-year-old company was valued at around $1.5 billion.
• , a chip company that connects smaller chips to make them more efficient, raised a $145 million Series C led by . The 5-year-old Santa Clara, California-based company was valued at $1 billion.

Cryptocurrency

• Singapore-based , a regulated app for buying, trading, and spending cryptocurrencies, raised a $400 million corporate round. Led by , this marks the company鈥檚 first institutional funding. The 10-year-old company was valued at $20 billion.
• , a U.S. stablecoin digital clearing bank for international financial institutions, raised a $180 million Series B led by . The 4-year-old San Francisco-based company was valued at $1 billion.

Defense

• Former Doge employees founded to provide AI-driven cyber capabilities to the U.S. military. Cathedral raised a $160 million Series A led by and . The less-than-1-year-old Washington, D.C.-based company was valued at $1.4 billion.
• London-based , a maritime defense company, raised a $175 million Series B led by . The 6-year-old company was valued at $1 billion.

Marketplace

• , a technology platform for service businesses, raised a $44 million Series D led by . The 10-year-old New York-based company was valued at $1.2 billion. Genius AI operates in the wellness, beauty and health sectors and is approaching a $200 million revenue run rate.

• , a platform for travel advisers, raised a $60 million Series D led by and . The service has 15,000 travel advisers and has booked more than $3 billion in travel over time. The 5-year-old New York-based company was valued at $1 billion.

Data center

• Mumbai-based , a data center service hosting GPUs, one of the largest GPU compute providers in India, raised $150 million in funding. The 7-year-old subsidiary of the was valued at $3.9 billion.

Insurance

• , an insurance platform for some of the largest e-commerce customers, raised $100 million in funding. The 12-year-old New York-based company was valued at $1.9 billion. Its customers include , , , , and , to name a few.

Quantum

• Quantum computing company raised a $300 million Series A led by , and . The less than 1-year-old South Pasadena, California-based company was valued at $1.5 billion.

AI coding

• Autonomous app building startup raised a $130 million Series C led by , and . The 2-year-old Pleasanton, California-based company was valued at $1.5 billion. The company launched a year ago and has enabled non-coders to build applications, with 12 million built on the platform.

Legal

• , an AI legaltech firm that pairs lawyers with agentic AI, raised a $120 million Series C led by . The service is client-oriented, with payments based on outcomes rather than billable hours. The 3-year-old New York-based company was valued at $1.2 billion.

Security

• , an endpoint security firm for the AI era, emerged from stealth, announcing a $100 million Series B led by , , and . In 2025, ahead of launching out of stealth, Glow raised large seed and Series A rounds. The 1-year-old Palo Alto, California-based firm with offices in Tel Aviv was valued at $1.2 billion.

Wearables

• Hong Kong-based smart glass company raised a $150 million Series B led by and . Founded by ex- engineers, the startup is not camera-based but rather a display that beams information visible to the wearer.聽 The 2-year-old company was valued at $1 billion.

Related 萝莉视频 unicorn lists:

• (1,850)
• (644)
• (245)
• (193)
• (117)
• (102)
• (953)
• (546)
• (251)
• (39)
• (491)

Related reading:

• Global New Unicorn Counts In The First Half Of 2026 Have Already Surpassed 2025鈥檚 Totals

Methodology

The 萝莉视频 萝莉视频 is a curated list that includes private unicorn companies with post-money valuations of $1 billion or more and is based on 萝莉视频 data. New companies are as they reach the $1 billion valuation mark as part of a funding round.

The unicorn board does not reflect internal company valuations 鈥� such as those set via a 409a process for employee stock options 鈥� as these differ from, and are more likely to be lower than, a priced funding round. We also do not adjust valuations based on investor writedowns, which change quarterly, as different investors will not value the same company consistently within the same quarter.

Funding to unicorn companies includes all private financings to companies that are tagged as unicorns, as well as those that have since graduated to .

Exits analyzed here only include the first time a company exits.

Please note that all funding values are given in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted. 萝莉视频 converts foreign currencies to U.S. dollars at the prevailing spot rate from the date funding rounds, acquisitions, IPOs and other financial events are reported. Even if those events were added to 萝莉视频 long after the event was announced, foreign currency transactions are converted at the historic spot price.

Illustration:

In this bifurcated funding environment, we also see a wide range in valuations, as well as select companies that raised multiple rounds at a significant valuation increase in the space of months.

Among this cohort, robotics and AI neolabs were the leading sectors for new unicorns. Other industries that stand out were in financial services, healthcare and biotech as well as AI infrastructure, AI deployment and devtools, defense, semiconductor and aerospace.

H1 new unicorns have added roughly $440 billion in value to the board 鈥� 5% of the board’s current value. These companies have raised $80 billion over time, representing 5% of funding raised by still-private, unicorn-valued companies.

The most valuable new unicorn this year is China-based open-source model developer , which was valued at $50 billion in its first external financing. Seychelles-based crypto exchange , valued at $25 billion, is the second most valuable company to join in the first half of this year.

San Francisco-based , majority owned by and valued at $14 billion when it raised $4 billion from private equity, is in the third spot.

From this cohort, four companies were valued as decacorns in H1, and a further five were valued above $5 billion, as of early August 2026.

Based on trends for 2025 companies, we expect valuations for this cohort to climb significantly in the next year. For the 193 new unicorns that joined in 2025, 12 were decacorns and another 18 were valued above $5 billion. Nine of those decacorns for this cohort became $10 billion-plus-valued companies in 2026.

US leads, China picks up

The U.S. leads with 110 companies 鈥� 56% of new unicorns in H1. China was in second place with 38 companies, a significant surge from 10 new unicorns in 2025. The U.K. was the third-largest market with 13 companies joining.

By continent, North America accounts for 115 new unicorns, Asia with 50 and Europe with 27. Latin America, Oceania and Africa each count for one.

Fast raises

In the current frenzied funding environment, 19 of H1鈥檚 new unicorns raised fast follow-on rounds, often in six months or less, and doubled on an earlier valuation to reach at least $2 billion or more.

Notable among the fast fundraisers are semiconductor startup , which doubled its prior valuation to $10 billion from $5 billion just six months earlier; defense tech unicorn , whose valuation vaulted to $7.9 billion, up from its prior $1.6 billion valuation seven months earlier; and , building nuclear energy reactors for AI, was valued at $6 billion, up from $2 billion four months earlier.

AI momentum

Trillions in value were added to The 萝莉视频 萝莉视频 in the first half of the year, including from some of the largest-ever venture funding deals. The first six months of 2026 also notched the largest venture-backed exit of all time: 鈥檚 IPO.

Taken together with the rapid follow-on raises at ever-larger valuations some of those companies have achieved, it鈥檚 clear that the momentum around the fastest-growing companies has picked up significantly in this AI cycle.

Related 萝莉视频 unicorn lists:

• (195)
• (1,839)
• (643)
• (232)
• (192)
• (117)
• (102)
• (947)
• (542)
• (250)
• (39)
• (489)

Related reading:

• A Record 14 Billion-Dollar Rounds In July Pushed Venture’s Historic Run Higher
• Led By DeepSeek, 10 Frontier Labs Rush Onto The 萝莉视频 萝莉视频 In June
• 萝莉视频 Data: Global Startup Investment Hit Record $510B In H1 2026 As AI Boom Accelerates Funding And Exits

Methodology

The 萝莉视频 萝莉视频 is a curated list that includes private unicorn companies with post-money valuations of $1 billion or more and is based on 萝莉视频 data. New companies are as they reach the $1 billion valuation mark as part of a funding round.

The unicorn board does not reflect internal company valuations 鈥� such as those set via a 409a process for employee stock options 鈥� as these differ from, and are more likely to be lower than, a priced funding round. We also do not adjust valuations based on investor writedowns, which change quarterly, as different investors will not value the same company consistently within the same quarter.

Funding to unicorn companies includes all private financings to companies that are tagged as unicorns, as well as those that have since graduated to .

Exits analyzed here only include the first time a company exits.

Please note that all funding values are given in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted. 萝莉视频 converts foreign currencies to U.S. dollars at the prevailing spot rate from the date funding rounds, acquisitions, IPOs and other financial events are reported. Even if those events were added to 萝莉视频 long after the event was announced, foreign currency transactions are converted at the historic spot price.

Illustration:

July ranked as the third-largest funding month of the year, up 10% over June, following on the heels of a record-breaking first half of 2026, when startups raised $515 billion globally.

Fourteen startups raised billion-dollar rounds in July, the highest count in a single month, though not the largest amount raised in such deals, an analysis of 萝莉视频 data shows. The tally includes nine U.S.-based companies, two each from Germany and China, and one company headquartered in Singapore.

The largest startup funding deal last month was a $10 billion investment in , the first external financing for the -founded space exploration company.

, a frontier lab founded by former Chief Scientist , reportedly raised $5 billion from . The next two largest deals were Beijing-based frontier lab 鈥檚 $3.5 billion raise after releasing its latest Kimi K3 model, and raising $2.8 billion for short-video generation.

Two Germany-based companies in defense tech also raised billion-dollar rounds: and . In the U.S., companies that raised billion-dollar-plus rounds spanned the energy, industrial robotics, AI training, security and semiconductor industries.

Funding to AI

A total of $35 billion, or around 53% of global venture funding, went to AI-focused companies in聽 July. Other leading sectors were aerospace, defense and energy.

U.S.-based companies raised a total of $39 billion, or around 59% of global venture capital, last month with roughly half of the capital invested in its AI-focused companies.

Exits

July was also a robust month for startup exits, including via acquisition and public-market debuts.

Venture-backed M&A totaled more than $9 billion in July, with five companies exiting at prices聽 over $1 billion, 萝莉视频 data shows. Notable acquisitions included London-based data center provider 鈥檚 roughly $1.65 billion acquisition of software layer , which was built to manage AI workflows, and in the security sector, AI-native security company 鈥檚 $1 billion acquisition of , a service to manage non-human identities.

Twelve venture-backed companies went public above $1 billion in value in July, including five from China, six U.S.-based companies, and one from Italy. The largest was Chinese chipmaker , which went public at around $85 billion and . Italy-based , an acquirer of software companies including and , went public at a value of $18.5 billion. And last-mile transportation company , founded in 2017, went public at $1.6 billion in value, raising $167 million in the process.

In closing

If the first half of 2026 established that venture has entered a new era of mega-financings, July reinforced that the trend is broadening rather than fading. Record numbers of billion-dollar rounds in both hardware and software, alongside a healthy IPO and M&A market, point to an ecosystem where capital is not only concentrating in category leaders but is also beginning to recycle through exits.

Related 萝莉视频 queries:

Methodology

The data contained in this report comes directly from 萝莉视频, and is based on reported data. Data is as of Aug. 3, 2026.

Note that data lags are most pronounced at the earliest stages of venture activity, with seed funding amounts increasing significantly after the end of a quarter/year.

Please note that all funding values are given in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted. 萝莉视频 converts foreign currencies to U.S. dollars at the prevailing spot rate from the date funding rounds, acquisitions, IPOs and other financial events are reported. Even if those events were added to 萝莉视频 long after the event was announced, foreign currency transactions are converted at the historic spot price.

Glossary of funding terms

Seed and angel consists of seed, pre-seed and angel rounds. 萝莉视频 also includes venture rounds of unknown series, equity crowdfunding and convertible notes at $3 million (USD or as-converted USD equivalent) or less.

Early-stage consists of Series A and Series B rounds, as well as other round types. 萝莉视频 includes venture rounds of unknown series, corporate venture and other rounds above $3 million, and those less than or equal to $15 million.

Late-stage consists of Series C, Series D, Series E and later-lettered venture rounds following the 鈥淪eries [Letter]鈥� naming convention. Also included are venture rounds of unknown series, corporate venture and other rounds above $15 million. Corporate rounds are only included if a company has raised an equity funding at seed through a venture series funding round.

Technology growth is a private-equity round raised by a company that has previously raised a 鈥渧enture鈥� round. (So basically, any round from the previously defined stages.)

Illustration:

This is a weekly feature that runs down the week鈥檚 top 10 announced funding rounds in the U.S. Check out last week鈥檚 biggest funding deal roundup here.

Startup investors poured capital into a varied lineup of large rounds this week, targeting sectors including physical AI, biotech, cybersecurity, AI infrastructure and fintech. By far the largest financing of the week was a $1.7 billion round for founder 鈥檚 physical AI startup, , followed by sizable investments for 3D AI model developer and battery technology company .

1. , $1.7B, physical AI: Atoms, the physical AI startup founded by founder , raised $1.7 billion in a funding round led by . Kalanick touted the Los Angeles-based company鈥檚 vision as 鈥渁bout the coming industrial revolution where large industrial economic sectors get completely digitized.鈥�

2. , $400M, AI for 3D: Silicon Valley-based Meshy AI, a startup developing foundation models for AI-powered 3D generation, closed on $400 million in Series B funding at a $1.5 billion valuation. Lead backers include , and , per 萝莉视频 data.

3. , $300M, battery technology: Battery technology company Sila secured $300 million in a new round led by and . The Alameda, California, company will use the funding to expand its silicon anode plant in Moses Lake, Washington.

4. , $300M, inference technology: Etched, a co-designer of chips, racks, software and manufacturing methods for use in frontier models, picked up $300 million in Series C funding. led the round, which set a $10 billion pre-money valuation for the San Jose, California-based company.

5. , $180M, fintech: Augustus, a startup aimed at providing financial institutions around the world direct access to dollar accounts, secured $180 million in Series B funding. led the round, which set a $1 billion valuation for the San Francisco-based company.

6. , $160M, defense tech: Cathedral, a startup aimed at expanding U.S. military cyber capabilities, reportedly $160 million with backing from Sequoia Capital and Andreessen Horowitz. The Washington, D.C.-based startup was reportedly founded by a 鈥媡eam of former DOGE employees.

7. , $130M, biotech: Crystalys Therapeutics, a biotech developing therapies for people living with gout, closed an oversubscribed $130 million Series B round. led the financing for the San Diego-based company.

8. , $120M, healthcare software: San Francisco-based Candid Health, developer of a revenue cycle management platform for the healthcare industry, landed $120 million in Series D funding led by .

9. , $100M, cybersecurity: Glow, a Palo Alto, California-based AI-powered endpoint security startup, launched from stealth and announced it has raised $180 million to date, of which, per 萝莉视频, $100 million comes from its newest financing. Lead backers include Sequoia Capital, , , and .

10. , $75M, cybersecurity: Boston-based Neo Security, a startup working on an agentic software control platform for enterprises, picked up $100 million in a new round led by and Andreessen Horowitz.

Methodology

We tracked the largest announced rounds in the 萝莉视频 database that were raised by U.S.-based companies for the period of July 18-24. Although most announced rounds are represented in the database, there could be a small time lag as some rounds are reported late in the week.

Illustration:

Ten of those companies were AI labs, collectively valued at $65 billion. The most well-known was Beijing-based open source model developer 鈥� at $50 billion, the highest valued new unicorn to join the 萝莉视频 this year.

The new unicorn frontier labs are focused on new architectures in AI model development in robotics, physics and self-learning, as well as on open source development, and in the case of one India-based startup, sovereign AI.

Other leading sectors with multiple companies were in robotics and AI infrastructure, with four companies in each.

Of the new unicorns, 16 are U.S-based, while eight are from China. Two new unicorns joined the board from India, Germany and the United Kingdom and one each from Netherlands, Belgium, Canada and Saudi Arabia.

Big exits remove a trillion

Despite the influx of newcomers, the total value of The 萝莉视频 萝莉视频 dropped by more than $1 trillion in June as , its most valuable company, went public.

Other notable exits from the board last month were , the maker of AI coding tool Cursor, which was acquired by SpaceX for $60 billion after last being valued at $29.3 billion. , an AI infrastructure company that operates as a layer on top of GPUs, was acquired by , and customer experience agent was purchased by 1, both for well above their last private valuations.

New unicorns in June

Here are June’s new unicorn companies:

AI labs

• Hangzhou-based raised a $7.4 billion Series A, its first external financing, in a deal led by CEO . The 2-year-old company was valued at $50 billion and is said to be planning to list in as early as Q2 2027.
• is building a new AI architecture based on neuroscience called Cortex AI that promises lower power use. It raised a $500 million Series A from , , and . The less than 1-year-old New York-based company was valued at $2.5 billion.
• London-based , an AI for physical product design in aerospace, defense, energy, automotive and semiconductors, raised a $300 million Series C led by . The 6-year-old company was valued at $2.4 billion.
• , a model developer for robotics trained on gaming videos from its sister company , raised a $320 million Series A led by . The 1-year-old New York-based company was valued at $2.3 billion.
• , an embodied robotics intelligence company, raised a $400 million Series B led by . The 2-year-old San Mateo, California-based company with researchers from and was valued at $2 billion.
• Shanghai-based , a聽 robotics intelligence company, raised a $220 million seed round led by and . The less than 1-year-old company founded by an researcher was valued at $2 billion.
• , a builder of world models to simulate the real world impacting robotics, science, healthcare and defense, raised a $310 million Series B led by . The 2-year-old Menlo Park, California-based company was valued at $1.5 billion.
• Bengaluru-based , an Indian sovereign AI developer, raised a $234 million Series B first close led by . The 3-year-old company was valued at $1.5 billion.
• , an AI lab seeking to automate AI research for scientific use cases, raised a $200 million seed funding led by and . The less than 1-year-old San Francisco-based company was valued at $1 billion.
• Hangzhou-based , a 3D model developer used in gaming, entertainment and product design, raised a $200 million Series A led by . The 3-year-old company was valued at $1 billion.

Robotics

• Germany-based , a physical AI company building intelligent machines to to work alongside humans, raised a $1.4 billion Series C led by stablecoin issuer among other strategic and growth investors. The 7-year-old company, with $1 billion in its order pipeline and strategic deployments, was said to be valued at $7 billion.
• Shenzhen-based , a builder of humanoid robots, raised a $148 million Series B led by . The 3-year-old company was valued at $1.5 billion.
• Guangdong-based , a humanoid robotics company, raised a $147 million Series B. The 5-year-old company, which projects 1,000 shipments in 2026, was valued at $1.5 billion.
• , a builder of industrial arm robotics for manufacturing that said its technology learns through demonstration, raised a $200 million Series C led by and . The 9-year-old New York-based company was valued at $1 billion.

AI infrastructure

• , which pivoted from crypto mining to data center build out for AI, raised a $400 million funding led by , and . The 2-year-old Coral Gables, Florida-based company was valued at $2.4 billion. The company has filed for a direct listing on .
• Las Vegas-based , a cloud operator that offers customer AMD chips, raised a $350 million Series B led by and . The 2-year-old company was valued at $1.6 billion.
• Beijing-based , an inference solution offering customers API access to hundreds of models, raised a $296 million Series B. The 2-year-old company was valued at $1.2 billion.
• , an AI developer cloud to train, fine-tune and deploy AI, raised a $100 million Series A led by . The 4-year-old New Jersey-based company valued at $1 billion has 1 million developers using the platform.

Defense

• , a precision weapons company enabling existing weaponry to defend against unmanned drones, raised a $200 million Series B led by . The 4-year-old Austin-based company was valued at $2.2 billion.
• , a manufacturer of unmanned aerospace and defense systems, raised a $300 million Series C led by and . The 3-year-old Huntington Beach, California-based company was valued at $1.8 billion.
• , a cyber intelligence company building products for the U.S. military, raised a $100 million Series B led by , and . The 1-year-old Arlington, Virginia-based company was valued at $1 billion.

Proptech

• Montreal-based , a mortgage financing platform, raised a $217 million Series E round. The 8-year-old company was valued at $1.1 billion.
• India-based ,聽 a property brokerage that also owns a mortgage marketplace, a property management platform, and a home interior brand raised a $95 million private equity and debt financing led by . The 13-year-old company was valued at $1 billion.

Data analytics

• Belgium-based , an intelligence platform for global physical trade, raised a $1 billion secondary market funding led by . The 12-year-old company was valued at $3.7 billion.

Biotechnology

• , a biotech company focused on reverse cellular aging, raised a $435 million Series C led by . The 4-year-old San Francisco-based company with plans for clinical trials next year for human liver cells, was valued at $3.1 billion.

Materials

• Cambridge, U.K.-based聽 , building a network of labs using AI for new material discovery, raised a $450 million funding led by and . The 2-year-old company was valued at $2.6 billion.

Cryptocurrency

• , a blockchain and smart contract solution for global financial institutions, raised a $355 million Series F led by . The 12-year-old New York-based company was valued at $2 billion.

Image generation

• Beijing-based , a video generation company, raised a $300 million Series B led by , and . The 3-year-old company was valued at $2 billion and says it has built a creator community of more than 30 million users. As of May 2026 the company has $300 million in annual recurring revenue.

Financial services

• Saudi Arabia-based , a mobile banking company, raised a $400 million Series A. The 6-year-old company was valued at $1.6 billion.

Semiconductor

• Rotterdam-based , a 3D metrology inspection tool for semiconductor manufacturing, raised a $380 million Series D led by . The 10-year-old company was valued at $1.6 billion.

Aerospace

• Beijing-based , a space infrastructure and satellite company, raised a $207 million Series D. The 10-year-old company was valued at $1.5 billion.

E-commerce

• , an e-commerce provider that supports customer interactions post purchase, raised an $81 million Series B led by . The 4-year-old Utah-based company supporting 4,100 brands and 1,750 merchants was valued at $1.3 billion.

AI healthcare

• , an AI agent built for a patient’s healthcare journey and used by healthcare providers, raised a $120 million Series C led by . The 3-year-old San Francisco-based company was valued at $1.2 billion.

Transportation

• Munich-based , a car subscription platform operating in Germany and partnering with 25 brands, raised a $113 million Series D led by . The 7-year-old company was valued at $1.1 billion.

Related 萝莉视频 unicorn lists:

• (1,822)
• (637)
• (213)
• (190)
• (118)
• (102)
• (935)
• (539)
• (248)
• (39)
• (488)

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• 萝莉视频 Data: Global Startup Investment Hit Record $510B In H1 2026 As AI Boom Accelerates Funding And Exits
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Methodology

The 萝莉视频 萝莉视频 is a curated list that includes private unicorn companies with post-money valuations of $1 billion or more and is based on 萝莉视频 data. New companies are as they reach the $1 billion valuation mark as part of a funding round.

The unicorn board does not reflect internal company valuations 鈥� such as those set via a 409a process for employee stock options 鈥� as these differ from, and are more likely to be lower than, a priced funding round. We also do not adjust valuations based on investor writedowns, which change quarterly, as different investors will not value the same company consistently within the same quarter.

Funding to unicorn companies includes all private financings to companies that are tagged as unicorns, as well as those that have since graduated to .

Exits analyzed here only include the first time a company exits.

Please note that all funding values are given in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted. 萝莉视频 converts foreign currencies to U.S. dollars at the prevailing spot rate from the date funding rounds, acquisitions, IPOs and other financial events are reported. Even if those events were added to 萝莉视频 long after the event was announced, foreign currency transactions are converted at the historic spot price.

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Last month, of , the corporate venture arm it launched in 2016 and grew to more than $850 million across three funds. The company hired to explore selling portfolio stakes on the secondary market, putting positions in companies such as and in play. The news also arrived weeks after .

Two corporate venture programs shutting down inside six weeks invites speculation that corporations are retreating from venture capital, but in fact the opposite is true.

Measured in dollars, corporate venture has never been stronger. According to , corporate investors participated in 鈥� venture’s strongest funding year since 2021.

, , , , and all led billion-dollar rounds into AI companies last year, per 萝莉视频 data. Nvidia by itself made more than 40 startup investments and appeared in. Meta paid $14.3 billion for its stake in Scale AI. 1听补苍诲 s venture arm backed Anthropic’s.

Amid this strength, though, corporate venture is also quietly splitting in two, and the proof is buried inside the record numbers. Bain attributes the elevated corporate participation , and the billion-dollar rounds trace back to the same short list of names.

Take that handful out of the data and the year looks very different. Venture capital itself went through the same sorting over the past decade, as mega-funds absorbed more and more of the capital while everyone else competed for allocation, and corporate venture is now following the same script. The people with the most at stake are the smaller funds and startups downstream.

And notice that the wind-downs are coming from serious programs. PayPal’s arm ran for a decade and , and Fidelity International manages hundreds of billions of dollars. Size never protected either one, and the dividing line runs through the mandate. For Nvidia, Alphabet, Salesforce and Cisco, startup investing is a core strategy, funded off enormous balance sheets, because their businesses depend on owning a position in the technology cycle. Nvidia backs the companies that build on its chips, and that commitment survives budget season. For most other corporations, venture is one strategic priority among several, competing for capital with the core business itself.

To be clear, there’s nothing wrong with that. When a new chief executive commits to finding , winding down even a well-run program can be the disciplined call, and disciplined capital allocation is what shareholders ask of public companies. Corporate venture has always moved in cycles, and the waves of closures after 2000 and 2008 said far more about parent balance sheets than about the returns on offer. Individual programs are mortal, but the asset class keeps growing.

When I started my career, technology drove roughly 2% of the American economy, and today it drives a double-digit share of GDP and nearly 40% of the stock market.

Who feels it first

For smaller funds and their portfolio companies, the split is already changing the math. ‘s finds corporate funds pursuing fewer, more targeted deals, and the share using the secondary market jumped from 15% in 2024 to 22% in 2025; PayPal’s Jefferies mandate takes that same path at the scale of an entire program.

When a corporate arm winds down mid-life, its portfolio companies lose a strategic backer and a source of follow-on capital at once, the smaller funds that syndicated alongside it lose their anchor for the next round, and a secondary sale replaces a committed partner with a financial buyer.

I spend my days working with early-stage venture funds, and I’m watching this pattern develop in real time: strong companies outside AI, with a departing corporate backer on the cap table, heading into rounds their existing syndicate can’t fill alone.

The lesson for startup management teams and VC fund managers is to plan for corporate capital to come and go. The pro rata rights that funds hold in their best companies become most valuable at exactly these moments, when a strategic investor steps back and ownership in a breakout company becomes available to whoever can fund it.

Smaller funds should line up committed follow-on capacity before their winners come back to market, so a corporate partner’s exit becomes a chance to buy more of a company they already know well. Founders should run the same exercise from the other side of the table and know today which investors on their cap table can carry the next round.

Corporate venture will keep growing because the forces behind it keep growing, and programs will open and close along the way, as they always have. What’s changed is the sorting: permanent capital consolidating at the top of the market, and everyone else learning to plan around that fact. The funds and founders who prepare for it will come out the other side owning more of the companies that matter.

is the founder and managing partner of , a growth-equity firm that co-invests in venture-backed companies by leveraging the unused pro-rata rights of more than 1,000 early-stage VC partners.

Related reading:

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Within the region, U.K. startups gained significant share in Q2, raising more than $10 billion. That marked the third-largest funding quarter for the U.K. on record, and came in at less than $500 million below its peak quarter in 2021.

萝莉视频 startup M&A activity also picked up in Q1 and continued that momentum in Q2, even as public-market exits stayed subdued.

Table of contents

• Large rounds drive gains
• H1 2026 up 50%
• UK momentum builds
• By stage
• Looking ahead
• Methodology
• Glossary of funding terms

Large rounds drive gains

Four companies raised venture fundings of a billion dollars or more last quarter, accounting for 25% of all startup investment in the region in Q2, 萝莉视频 data shows.

Those billion-dollar-plus rounds were raised by an AI-centric group: -owned AI drug developer , which was spun out of ; green steel production manufacturer ; , which is developing robots for home and industrial applications; and , an AI lab founded by former DeepMind researchers.

However, most of the growth in funding year over year and quarter over quarter was driven by rounds of $100 million and over. The majority of funding 鈥� 65% 鈥斅爓ent to a group of 42 companies that raised rounds of $100 million-plus. Sectors that stood out for these companies include聽 biotech, quantum, financial services, AI labs, aerospace, semiconductor, robotics and energy.

H1 2026 up 50%

Funding to Europe-based startups in H1 was up 50% year over year to total $42 billion, 萝莉视频 data shows. Still, the region鈥檚 startup investment for the first half of the year remained well below the 2021 H1 peak, when VC funding in Europe totaled $60 billion.

It鈥檚 also drastically lower than the $392 billion raised in North America鈥檚 record-setting H1, with that region鈥檚 funding up 158% year over year.

Europe鈥檚 funding deal count subsided last quarter, but mostly at the seed stage. Late-stage rounds were up a bit, while early-stage deals dipped slightly year over year. (It鈥檚 worth noting, seed stage rounds are often added to the 萝莉视频 data set after the close of the quarter, so those numbers will increase over time.)

UK momentum builds

The United Kingdom widened its venture-funding lead last quarter, as startups based in the country raised $10.4 billion 鈥� not far from the peak in 2021 at $10.8 billion.

The region鈥檚 No. 2 startup market, Germany, trailed with $3.2 billion raised by its startups in Q2, and France followed in third place with $2.4 billion. Sweden was Europe鈥檚 fourth-largest startup market last quarter, with its companies raising $2 billion.

萝莉视频 data shows funding to Europe鈥檚 AI-focused companies reached more than $10 billion in Q2 鈥� the largest quarterly amount so far 鈥� but slightly below the Q1 percentage, when those companies raised more than half of the region鈥檚 startup investment.

By stage

Europe鈥檚 late-stage funding totaled $12.1 billion in Q2, up 90% year over year. Large Series C and D rounds were raised by Germany-based robotics developer Neura Robotics; Netherlands-based , which makes inspection tools for semiconductor manufacturing; U.K.-based quantum computing startup ; and Germany-based satellite launcher .

Early-stage funding reached $8.6 billion across 250-plus Europe-based startups last quarter, 萝莉视频 data shows. Large Series A and Series B rounds were raised by London-based Isomorphic Labs, London-based AI self-learning lab , Germany-based fusion energy company , London-based semiconductor developer , and London-based quantum processor provider .

萝莉视频 seed funding totaled $3.2 billion last quarter, with a billion dollars of that raised by just one company: Ineffable Intelligence.

Other large seed rounds were raised by , a London-based AI lab for science; Italy-based autonomous driving technology producer ; and Stockholm-based defense tech company .

M&A increase

While IPO activity for 萝莉视频 startups was muted, M&A showed strong momentum following increased activity in Q1. A total of 154 Europe-based, venture-backed companies were acquired for a cumulative $11.5 billion or more in Q2, 萝莉视频 data shows. That includes three companies acquired for more than $1 billion each in biotech, industrial AI and micromobility.

Looking ahead

萝莉视频 startup investment has now steadily increased since the fourth quarter of 2024, with increased momentum in the just-ended quarter, driven by larger rounds of $100 million and over. The region鈥檚 startup ecosystem shows particular strength in deep tech and financial services as well as the formation of new AI labs, and M&A activity has fueled liquidity for the next batch of startups.

Now the question remains: Will it be enough to keep Europe competitive with the frontrunners, the U.S. and China?

Related 萝莉视频 queries:

Related reading:

• 萝莉视频 Data: Global Startup Investment Hit Record $510B In H1 2026 As AI Boom Accelerates Funding And Exits
• North American Startup Funding Shattered Records In First Half Of 2026, Driven By AI

Methodology

The data contained in this report comes directly from 萝莉视频, and is based on reported data. Data is as of July 6, 2026.

Note that data lags are most pronounced at the earliest stages of venture activity, with seed funding amounts increasing significantly after the end of a quarter/year.

Please note that all funding values are given in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted. 萝莉视频 converts foreign currencies to U.S. dollars at the prevailing spot rate from the date funding rounds, acquisitions, IPOs and other financial events are reported. Even if those events were added to 萝莉视频 long after the event was announced, foreign currency transactions are converted at the historic spot price.

Glossary of funding terms

Seed and angel consists of seed, pre-seed and angel rounds. 萝莉视频 also includes venture rounds of unknown series, equity crowdfunding and convertible notes at $3 million (USD or as-converted USD equivalent) or less.

Early-stage consists of Series A and Series B rounds, as well as other round types. 萝莉视频 includes venture rounds of unknown series, corporate venture and other rounds above $3 million, and those less than or equal to $15 million.

Late-stage consists of Series C, Series D, Series E and later-lettered venture rounds following the 鈥淪eries [Letter]鈥� naming convention. Also included are venture rounds of unknown series, corporate venture and other rounds above $15 million. Corporate rounds are only included if a company has raised an equity funding at seed through a venture series funding round.

Technology growth is a private-equity round raised by a company that has previously raised a 鈥渧enture鈥� round. (So basically, any round from the previously defined stages.)

First, San Diego-based announced its of a Palo Alto, California-based software startup focused on making it easier for developers to run AI models across different types of computer chips.

At the same time, reports emerged that chip startup is finalizing an $800 million funding round led by , valuing the company at $10 billion. Together, the two deals underscore a growing reality in tech: As hardware remains scarce and expensive, the software layers that connect these chips are becoming just as valuable as the silicon itself.

Watching these shifts unfold firsthand is , a managing partner at who led early investments and holds board seats at both Modular and SambaNova.

Munichiello brings a pragmatic operational background to tech investing, having served as a captain and paratrooper in the U.S. military before transitioning to the private sector. He later worked as an early executive at , helping scale the warehouse automation company through its $775 million acquisition by .

With a background in mathematics and computer science from and an MBA from , Munichiello has spent his venture career focused on core software infrastructure, developer tools and data systems, including early backing of companies such as , and .

In this interview, he discusses the mechanics behind the Qualcomm-Modular deal, the practical realities of managing hardware scarcity, and what the current wave of consolidation means for the future of independent startups.

This interview has been edited for clarity and brevity.

萝莉视频 News: The acquisition of Modular by Qualcomm highlights a massive push to decouple AI software from hardware fragmentation. Does this signal that the ultimate value in the AI stack is permanently shifting away from proprietary hardware architectures and toward developer-friendly software layers that can run across any compute environment?

Munichiello: The types of hardware required for AI in the future are becoming heterogeneous. Originally, it looked like it was just GPUs from , and then also GPUs from and other players. But now, the direction hardware is going is toward “disaggregated inference,” which basically means splitting apart the different compute used for different parts of answering a question when engaging with a model.

It increasingly looks like there will be three types of chips used in disaggregated inference: an AI-specific chip, a CPU and a GPU.

For a player like Qualcomm, all three of those components are present, so they need a software layer that sits across them. Everywhere else, Nvidia included, they usually sell alongside CPUs and accelerators, and there hasn鈥檛 really been a software solution that works across all of those.

When did you first start investing in this wave of AI infrastructure and semiconductors?

Munichiello: We鈥檝e been investing in AI since 2016, starting as early as a company called , which was first company, sold to , and became part of the Siri team. After that, we invested in , co-founded by , which was later sold to and became an important part of its stack. HPE actually went on to be the compute partner for and worked very closely with as well.

We also got excited about semiconductors early, long before this current wave, when we led the Series A for SambaNova. I first met that company when it was just three people and a slide deck. We led that round in December 2017 鈥� after led the seed investment 鈥� and I鈥檝e sat on the board since. That initial investment was $15 million at a $480 million valuation.

It seems like a lot of legacy chip giants and major cloud providers are aggressively buying up infrastructure startups. What does this consolidation mean for early-stage founders? Are we entering an era where standalone startups need to plan for an early acquisition, or is there still a path to an independent IPO?

Munichiello: There is definitely a path to an independent IPO. showed that trajectory beautifully, and I’m really happy for and that team. There is absolutely a trajectory to build big, standalone businesses because the demand for compute is completely off the charts. We can’t make semiconductors fast enough, nor can .

Everyone is trying to find extra capacity by making everything more efficient. Technology often emerges with a big boom in mass demand and high prices, and then we figure out how to make it cheaper. We are in that efficiency step right now. Demand for inference is everywhere, from medicine and law to coding, customer support and finance.

We are trying to squeeze every last bit of value out of chips. Squeezing that value comes from using multiple types of chips: using cheaper CPUs when we can, GPUs when we need them, and the most expensive chips only for the most complicated parts of the process.

We are also evaluating software across the stack to ensure every aspect of these queries is as efficient as possible. It鈥檚 not surprising that there are a lot of acquirers. The universe of buyers has expanded from just semiconductor companies buying other semiconductor companies to software companies, hyperscalers and model companies buying chip companies, too. Amazon has Trainium and Inferentia; has Maia; has the TPU, and every big tech company wants to be able to say it has a chip.

How does the rise of open-source models shift this dynamic?

Munichiello: The universe of potential buyers expands even larger when open-source models become prolific. In the Qualcomm announcement, they talked a lot about their enthusiasm for open source 鈥� not just keeping Modular open-source, but for models to be open-sourced. When that happens, instead of enterprise companies paying hundreds of millions of dollars to model providers to do inference, the companies themselves will own their models and run them on their own hardware.

So you firmly believe that IPOs are not totally off the table for early-stage tech and hardware companies?

Munichiello: Not at all. Look at , which is highly hardware-intensive. I think we will see many IPOs here in the next six months. I know of at least 15 or 20 companies that are planning to go public, so it is going to be a very busy period.

In a market where valuations are multiplying rapidly based on technical metrics like chip throughput, how are you able as an investor to separate real, sustainable product-market traction from early hype?

Munichiello: There are a lot of AI companies getting valuations that are disconnected from the business outcomes they are driving. True traction comes down to quarter-over-quarter execution, hitting sales demands and actually fielding physical systems for customers.

A company becomes highly attractive to investors when it delivers a massive volume of technology into production environments 鈥� like data centers for major enterprise brands and devices we use every day.

That, combined with incoming demand from “Neo-Clouds” (new data centers built specifically for inference), shows real traction. These players are looking for any chips they can get their hands on, and the concept of disaggregated inference 鈥� combining three different chip types to lower the total cost of ownership 鈥� is highly compelling. It also alters the competitive landscape; it shows that the market isn’t just a runaway race for one dominant player, but an opportunity for CPU providers to catch up as well.

GV has a track record of backing foundational tech long before the generative AI hype cycle. How has your framework adapted now that AI infrastructure capital requirements have skyrocketed? When a startup needs hundreds of millions just to compete at the frontier, how do you maintain a focus on the team and relationship without getting bogged down by the sheer scale of capital?

Munichiello: It has always been complicated to start from scratch and build a meaningful, generational company. We are not in the business of momentum investing. We don’t invest in something just because we think it will be marked up by other investors over time. We look for fundamental technologies and consequential businesses that can stand on their own.

When we met Modular, it was just Tim and Chris with an idea, and we convinced them to take our $23 million investment. At the time, we were nervous about valuing the company at more than $80 million or $90 million, and it ended up getting valued at $155 million in that first round.

We took 15% of the company right off the bat in a round that felt way out over its skis for that moment in the world. But they hired an amazing team of compiler engineers, started growing and built in a space that became the most strategic in all of AI.

We value different companies based on their specific markets. Some are incredibly capital-intensive and require billions of dollars, meaning we can’t do it alone. As an investor, we must bring our network and a syndicate of other investors who can write hundreds of millions of dollars in checks.

Software companies can move a bit faster, make more mistakes and pivot. In hardware, if you tape out a chip and it doesn’t work, you are set back for years and have to raise significantly more money. It鈥檚 much more binary when it comes to the physical world. A hundred million dollars goes a lot further in software because you can always optimize your token usage or engineering to shift directions, which is incredibly hard to do in robotics or hardware.

This acquisition represents a massive return on your initial investment. What does this success say about your broader investment philosophy?

Munichiello: It鈥檚 a fantastic outcome 鈥� a 27x return on our initial investment and roughly 10x on our total dollars invested. But we aren’t a firm that just leads a Series A and then steps back. We look to write massive checks and co-lead later rounds, especially when things get difficult.

It is inevitable that every company will hit a wall at some point 鈥� whether due to macroeconomic factors, team dynamics or customer challenges. We call these “crucible moments,” and they are what make companies truly interesting. In an internal email I sent to our team, I talked about loving curveballs. We are used to things going sideways, and that’s when we really step up and help our companies. We like to find these incredibly hard problems, back exceptional people with the character and grit to survive those moments, and help them build standalone businesses.

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